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The Pink Apothecary



Happy Wednesday morning! I've been practicing these next few antibiotics all week, and if you're in the healthcare field you'll know that fluoroquinolones (FQs) are a hot topic of discussion lately. Why?


  1. Resistance against them is progressing
  2. In 2016, the FDA updated the labeling warning on FQs, discouraging their use for non-severe infections due to some of the serious side effects associated with them
  3. A new fluoroquinolone was just approved this past June! Baxdela (or delafloxacin) has activity against MRSA and pseudomonas, two bugs that cause us a lot of stress in the healthcare world

With those first two negatives, you'd think we may not see these all too often right? Wrong! While there are some cons associated with this class, they're extremely useful in community-acquired pneumonia (except Cipro!), uncomplicated urinary tract infections and intra-abdominal infections. Here's my brief overview of these three fluoroquinolones:



Mechanism of action: DNA Gyrase (Top II) inhibitors that inhibit the supercoiling, replication and separation of bacterial DNA. In normal people terms: the bacteria die.

Spectrum of coverage: This differs for each drug in this class
  • Ciprofloxacin: gram negatives, atypicals, pseudomonas
  • Levofloxacin: gram negatives, atypicals, pseudomonas, strep pneumo 
  • Moxifloxacin: gram negatives, atypicals, strep pneumo, anaerobes
Important take aways? Cipro/Levo are your pseudomonas drugs, good for potential hospital acquired infections (nosocomial). And in the words of the infectious disease pharmacist who taught us ID (hey Dr.Shah!): Don't use Cipro for pneumonia, ever, unless you want to get sued for malpractice (it doesn't cover strep pneumo)

ADR: tendon rupture, bone/cartilage formation abnormalities, N/V/D, C.diff infection, QTc prolongation (mostly Moxi), photosensitivity 

Fun facts:
  • These drugs cannot be taken with milk, iron, magnesium, calcium, antacids (Tums), they must be separated by either taking the antibiotic 4 hours before, or 8 hours after these other drugs.
  • The first quinolone was nalidixic acid, isolated in 1963
  • There are currently four generations of FQs
  • Ciprofloxacin is a CYP3A4 inhibitor
Hope you enjoyed this edition of brush letter pharm! More to come soon! (Especially now that I got new Tombow pens, thank you Amazon Prime!)
July 12, 2017 No comments


Hey everyone, I'm embarking on a new way to help myself two fold: practice my brush lettering skills, and keep up to date on my pharmacology while I'm on APPE. It seems silly, but the only way I know how to study is to write it all out, and then write out some more. Even more silly, my recall kind of sucks even as an APPE student. So why not combine studying with my newest hobby and kill two birds with one stone!? For those of you who have never heard of brush lettering, it's a a more modern form of calligraphy, and it's addicting to practice. I'm pretty novice, but again, practice makes perfect!

So this is brush letter pharm! My first drug series will be antibiotics because I'm currently on an emergency department rotation and infectious disease is 85% of what I see!



Vancomycin: a glycopeptide antibiotic that may as well be in the water with how much we use it.

Mechanism of action: It inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding D-Ala-D-Ala and preventing the cross-linking of peptidoglycan. This makes it bactericidal.

Spectrum of coverage: C.diff (but must be taken orally for this!), gram positive organisms: MSSA, MRSA, strep

ADR: phlebitis, nephrotoxicity, red man syndrome

Fun facts:

  • Resistance present in enterococcus (VRE), and S.aureus (VISA and VRSA)
  • Red man syndrome may look like an allergic reaction, red rash of the face and upper torso plus pruritis and hypotension but it is actually an infusion reaction. Solution? Slow the infusion rate!
  • Therapeutic drug monitoring parameters for Vanco depend on the indication being treated, but are usually either 10-15 mg/dL or 15-20 mg/dL
  • Vanco was first isolated in 1953 and was named in the likeness of the word "vanquish"
  • Early formulations of the drug were extremely impure and caused a lot of toxicity to the kidney. This led to vanco being nicknamed "Mississippi mud"
July 09, 2017 No comments



I'm in the process of reorganizing my room at my parents house in New Jersey because I'll soon be moving back home (shout out to fourth year tuition increases). I'm definitely a Lilly Pulitzer planner type of girl, and also a hoarder, so I have kept a bunch of my old planners. Only took a few years but i've finally found a use for them, and it's super cute! This will be a short post because its really that simple:






1. Gather old Lilly Pulitzer agendas, flip through and find the monthly prints you like the best!
2. Tear out each print, keeping the spiral part mostly intact if you can!
3. Pick out a cheap frame (the ones I picked were $5 at IKEA)
4. Cut the print to fit the frame (this is where keeping the spiral part would have been great so you don't under or overestimate how much to cut at the beginning)
5. You're done! And now you have colorful room decorations (YAY!)

It took me maybe 10 minutes to do the whole thing. I'm always searching for easy arts and crafts like this project so I'm sure I'll come up with more as July 31st nears!

June 29, 2017 No comments

It's now been a little over a month since I started on my direct inpatient care rotation in kidney/liver transplant, and I can say for certain that this rotation has strengthened me, challenged me, and inspired me. I started out being absolutely overwhelmed by my new role as an "APPE student", expected to make interventions/recommendations, talk to the team myself and not through my preceptor, and the scariest of all: talk to really sick patients. I've always admired nurses for their uncanny ability to make small talk and handle uncomfortable situations or disgruntled patients. During my IPPE rotations I could never imagine myself in their role of having to talk to and care for near strangers in such an intimate way. However, letting down that wall and throwing myself in has led me to learn how incredible my transplant patients are. I've seen such a beautiful display of courage, optimism, and hope from these people. Many times, I've noted how I would not be able to upkeep the same resilience that they do, especially when most of them are discharged and re-admitted frequently.

From a pharmacy perspective, they experience the worst of complicated drug regimens. Studies have shown that 1/3 of kidney transplant patients don't take their medications, which could lead to rejection. Rejection, where the host body attacks the new, foreign organ, then leads to poor graft survival, and even patient survival. I've counseled numerous new and old transplant patients on their regimens so believe me when I tell you: I don't blame those who don't want to take their medications (although the consequences break my heart). My patients leave the hospital on anywhere from 13-18 medications, sometimes more if that have preexisting co-morbidities. About 7 on the list are necessary for the transplant itself, 4 are life long, and the rest are essential to their overall good health. For the new transplant patients, their day of discharge is jam packed with nurses, diabetes educators and pharmacists trying to help them understand just how important this regimen is to their survival. We do blood pressure counseling, glucose meter teaching, medication list reviews, pill box filling, and everything else we possibly can to stress the importance of their adherence. Beyond their discharge, their first year is filled with twice weekly clinic visits to get their blood drawn, which is necessary to check drug levels and other labs to ensure rejection isn't happening. Most of my patients are trying their absolute best to live, despite the lifelong commitment they've made to spending time at our hospital/clinic. I admire all of them for the respect and trust they show their healthcare providers, especially my preceptor. Overall, the dedication put forth by this team of physicians, physician's assistants, pharmacists, nurses, physical therapists, and other hospital staff has inspired me to always go the extra mile for my patients. Existing in a working, efficient, inter-professional team is one of the best things you could hope for as a student on rotation. 

So, next week is my last week here, and although I'm sad to leave I have a feeling that I'll be considering transplant when I go to apply for residency this coming winter. The ability to be both outpatient, and inpatient is so ideal for pharmacists because we can counsel, make recommendations to our colleagues, answer drug information questions, and mediate drug related problems in both settings, improving the continuum of care. We'll see where the rest of the year takes me! On to emergency medicine next!

P.S. The little pins pictured above are usually our presents to new transplantees but one of the clinic coordinators snatched me two. A little reminder to always be grateful for the health you have, and for me, to never forget how much I loved this rotation.
June 17, 2017 No comments



After four weekends of rain and 50 degree weather, IT IS FINALLY WARM! Which meant, I finally got to wear this beautiful Alanna dress from Lilly Pulitzer. I fell in love with this dress last year when it was released in the Any Fins Possible print. Tried it on in store, decided not to go with it, instantly regretted it weeks later when I discovered it was pretty much sold out everywhere. When I saw it in the Sparkling Sands print I knew I had to have it. Fortunately, the dress is still available on their website in this print and Blue Crush After Party, a pretty blue/yellow print. Yes the dress was pricey, but I have no regrets, and would live in this forever if I could. Here are some more pictures from my day frolicking around in this amazing dress!







June 11, 2017 No comments
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|Gianna|
Previously titled "The Philly Pharm Student", The Pink Apothecary is a documentation of my adventures in pharmacy. From graduating pharmacy school with my PharmD to starting residency away from my home of Philadelphia, I hope to share tips, advice and commentary on how I've made it through and fell in love with my career.



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